Frequently Asked Questions About Employment Practices Liability Insurance What is employment practices insurance? Employment practices insurance is another way people refer to Employment Practices Liability Insurance, or EPLI. It helps protect a business from certain claims tied to employment decisions and workplace treatment. These claims may involve wrongful termination, discrimination, harassment, retaliation, failure to hire, or failure to promote. Employment practices insurance is not designed for physical injuries or property damage. It is designed for employment-related allegations. Do I need employment practices liability insurance? If your business has employees, former employees, or job applicants, Employment Practices Liability Insurance is worth considering. Small businesses often think they are too small to face an employment claim. But even small teams make hiring, pay, discipline, promotion, and termination decisions. Any of those decisions can lead to a dispute. EPLI may be especially important if your business is hiring quickly, adding managers, handling terminations, expanding into new states, or operating without HR support. What is the difference between E&O and EPLI? Errors and Omissions insurance, often called E&O, is different from Employment Practices Liability Insurance. E&O insurance generally helps protect a business from claims that it made a professional mistake. That may include poor advice, missed deadlines, or failure to deliver services as promised. EPLI focuses on workplace claims. It helps protect against certain allegations from employees, former employees, or job applicants. A simple way to separate them is this: E&O is about the professional work your business does for clients. EPLI is about how your business treats employees and applicants. What is the difference between EBL and EPLI? Employee Benefits Liability, or EBL, is different from Employment Practices Liability Insurance. EBL generally helps protect a business from certain mistakes in employee benefits administration. For example, it may apply if an employee was left off a benefits plan by mistake or given incorrect information about eligibility. EPLI focuses on broader workplace claims. These may include wrongful termination, discrimination, harassment, retaliation, failure to hire, or failure to promote. A simple way to separate them is this: EBL is about benefits administration mistakes. EPLI is about employment-related claims and workplace treatment. Sources [1] Insurance Information Institute, "Employment Practices Liability Insurance." The III explains that EPLI protects businesses against claims that workers' legal rights as employees were violated. It also lists common claim types and notes that policies generally do not cover punitive damages or civil or criminal fines. https://www.iii.org/article/employment-practices-liability-insurance [2] Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, "EEOC Highlights Record-Breaking Results in Agency Reports." The EEOC reported securing $660 million for 17,680 victims of employment discrimination in fiscal year 2025. https://www.eeoc.gov/newsroom/eeoc-highlights-record-breaking-results-agency-reports [3] International Risk Management Institute, "Employment Practices Liability Insurance." IRMI identifies common EPLI claim types, including wrongful termination, discrimination, sexual harassment, and retaliation. It also notes that EPLI policies contain shrinking limits provisions, meaning defense costs reduce the policy's available limits. https://www.irmi.com/term/insurance-definitions/employment-practices-liability-insurance [4] Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, "Best Practices for Employers and Human Resources/EEO Professionals." The EEOC outlines general best practices for preventing workplace discrimination, including training, neutral and objective criteria for employment decisions, and open communication. https://www.eeoc.gov/initiatives/e-race/best-practices-employers-and-human-resourceseeo-professionals [5] Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, "Small Business Resource Center." The EEOC provides free guidance for small business owners on hiring, training, evaluating, disciplining, and terminating employees. https://www.eeoc.gov/employers/small-business [6] National Association of Insurance Commissioners, "Small Business Insurance." NAIC explains that small business insurance needs vary based on business factors such as employees, products, services, and operations. https://content.naic.org/consumer/small-business.htm [7] International Risk Management Institute, "Claims-Made Policy." IRMI explains that under a claims-made policy, coverage applies to claims first made during the policy period, and that EPLI is typically written on this basis. https://www.irmi.com/term/insurance-definitions/claims-made-policy

When to Consider Employment Practices Liability Insurance The best time to consider Employment Practices Liability Insurance is before a claim happens. Many owners wait until there is a problem. By then, a new policy may not help with an issue the business already knew about. A business should review EPLI when it: Hires its first employee Adds managers Grows quickly Terminates employees Creates an employee handbook Expands into another state Handles workplace complaints Has high turnover Operates without formal HR support The National Association of Insurance Commissioners notes that small business insurance needs vary based on the business, including employee count, products, services, and operations. That is a good reminder that insurance should grow with the company. [6] Employment Practices Liability Insurance is not just about today's team. It is also about where the business is headed. If the plan is to hire more people, open another location, or add supervisors, EPLI should be part of the planning conversation. Take the Next Step Before Your Next Hire Hiring is one of the biggest decisions a small business makes. It affects payroll, taxes, cash flow, workplace practices, and insurance all at once. Those pieces work better when they are reviewed together. That is why Steven Brewer & Company CPAs and Gild Insurance Agency work together. Brewer helps business owners understand the real cost of hiring, plan for payroll and taxes, and protect cash flow as the team grows. Gild helps owners understand which coverages belong in the conversation, from Employment Practices Liability Insurance to workers' compensation and general liability. Request a quote with Steven Brewer & Company to talk through the financial side of your next hire. Then take a few minutes for a free business insurance review through Gild Insurance and get a fast online quote. Two conversations. One stronger plan for growing your business.

Why Growth Increases Employment Risk A business with two employees may feel easy to manage. A business with ten employees needs more structure. A business with twenty employees needs even more consistency. Growth creates more decisions. More decisions create more chances for confusion, conflict, or claims. As a business grows, employment practices can lag behind. The company may add people before updating job descriptions. It may promote a team member into management before training them. It may handle performance issues differently from one employee to another. These gaps are common. They do not always mean the owner is careless. They often mean the business is busy. But employment claims often focus on process. For example: Was the rule applied the same way for everyone? Was the employee warned? Was the complaint reviewed? Was the hiring process fair? Was the manager trained? Was the decision documented? A clear process is easier to defend than memory. The Equal Employment Opportunty Commission advises employers to train managers and employees on equal employment opportunity laws, establish neutral and objective criteria for employment decisions, and monitor practices for consistency. It also recommends fostering open communication and early dispute resolution to keep small issues from becoming legal claims. [4] That is why Employment Practices Liability Insurance works best when it is paired with good workplace habits. Insurance helps protect the business financially. Documentation helps explain what happened. How Small Businesses Can Reduce EPLI Risk Employment Practices Liability Insurance is one layer of protection. Strong employment practices are another. Small businesses can reduce risk by making workplace decisions more consistent. This does not require a large HR department. It does require a simple system. Start with these steps: Use written job descriptions. Create a basic employee handbook. Document performance concerns. Use consistent interview questions. Keep hiring notes professional and job-related. Train managers on harassment, discrimination, and retaliation. Respond to employee complaints promptly. Apply workplace policies consistently. Review termination decisions before acting. Keep payroll and worker classification practices current. These steps help create a better workplace. They also help the business if a claim appears later. The EEOC offers a Small Business Resource Center with free guidance on hiring, training, evaluating, disciplining, and terminating employees. The agency notes that small business owners often do not have legal or HR experts on staff, and the resources are designed to help fill that gap. [5] Owners should be especially careful with terminations. A termination may be valid, but it should still be documented. The business should be able to explain why the decision was made and show that similar situations were handled in a similar way.  Good records do not remove all risk. They make the business more prepared.

What EPLI Is Not Employment Practices Liability Insurance is not the same as general liability insurance. General liability usually focuses on third-party bodily injury, property damage, and certain personal injury claims. For example, it may apply if a customer slips and falls at your office. EPLI is different. It focuses on workplace claims. Employment Practices Liability Insurance is also not the same as workers' compensation. Workers' compensation helps cover employees who are injured or become ill because of their work. EPLI helps with certain claims about how employees or applicants were treated. That distinction matters. Many owners assume their business insurance will cover an employee lawsuit. It may not. A claim involving wrongful termination, discrimination, harassment, or retaliation may fall outside general liability or workers' compensation. EPLI is designed to help fill that gap. EPLI also has limits. The Insurance Information Institute notes that EPLI policies may reimburse companies for defense costs, settlements, and judgments. But they generally do not cover punitive damages or civil or criminal fines. [1] Common exclusions may include: Criminal acts Intentional wrongdoing Bodily injury Property damage Workers' compensation claims Certain wage and hour claims Claims known before the policy began Some contract disputes Wage and hour claims deserve extra attention. Some policies exclude them. Others may offer limited defense coverage or an endorsement. The best question is not, "Do we have EPLI?"  The better question is, "What does our Employment Practices Liability Insurance actually cover?"

What Employment Practices Liability Insurance Covers Employment Practices Liability Insurance is built around the employment relationship. It may help cover legal defense costs, settlements, or judgments tied to covered workplace claims. A policy may respond to claims involving: Wrongful termination Discrimination Sexual harassment Retaliation Failure to hire Failure to promote Wrongful discipline Negligent evaluation Employment-related defamation Invasion of privacy The International Risk Management Institute identifies wrongful termination, discrimination, sexual harassment, and retaliation as common EPLI claim types. It also notes that policies may cover other employment-related conduct, such as defamation, invasion of privacy, failure to promote, and negligent evaluation. [3] Here is a simple example. An employee is fired after repeated performance issues. The owner knows the decision was based on the work. But the former employee claims the firing was discriminatory or retaliatory. Even if the business did nothing wrong, it may still need to respond. That could mean attorney fees, agency filings, a demand letter, or a lawsuit. That is one of the most important parts of EPLI. A claim does not have to be successful to be expensive. IRMI notes that EPLI policies contain shrinking limits provisions. That means defense costs, which are often a substantial part of a claim, reduce the policy's available limits. [3] Some EPLI policies also cover claims from job applicants. This matters if someone says they were not hired because of age, disability, pregnancy, race, gender, religion, or another protected category.  Some policies include third-party coverage too. This may help if a customer, client, or vendor claims harassment or discrimination by someone at the business. Not every policy includes it, so owners should ask.

Employment Practices Liability Insurance: What Growing Businesses Should Know Hiring employees is a major step for a small business. It means more help, more capacity, and more room to grow. It also means more responsibility. Most owners plan for payroll, taxes, workers' compensation, and training when they hire. Those costs are easy to see. The harder risk to spot is the one tied to employment decisions. Every business with employees makes decisions about: Hiring Pay Schedules Promotions Discipline Performance reviews Workplace complaints Termination Any of those decisions can lead to a claim. That is where Employment Practices Liability Insurance, often called EPLI, becomes important. Employment Practices Liability Insurance helps protect a business from certain claims made by employees, former employees, or job applicants. These claims may include wrongful termination, discrimination, harassment, retaliation, failure to hire, or failure to promote. In plain English, EPLI helps protect your business when someone says they were treated unfairly at work. This is not only a big-company issue. Small businesses can face employment-related claims too. In fact, they may be less prepared because they often do not have a full HR team, formal records, or consistent employment practices. The Insurance Information Institute explains that Employment Practices Liability Insurance protects employers against claims that workers' legal rights were violated. Those claims can include harassment, discrimination, wrongful termination, failure to hire or promote, wrongful discipline, and negligent evaluation. [1] Why EPLI Belongs in the Small Business Conversation Small businesses often feel personal. Owners know their teams. Managers solve problems quickly. Conversations happen in real time. That can be a strength. It can also create risk. A business owner may believe a decision was fair. An employee may see it differently. A missed promotion may feel like discrimination. A termination may feel like retaliation. A casual comment from a manager may be viewed as harassment. Employment Practices Liability Insurance does not mean a business has done something wrong. It means the business understands that workplace claims can happen, even when leaders are trying to make fair decisions. Small businesses may also have weaker documentation. Performance conversations may happen in person but never get written down. Hiring decisions may not follow the same process each time. Terminations may happen quickly, without a clear paper trail. That can make a claim harder to defend.  The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission reported that it secured $660 million for 17,680 victims of employment discrimination in fiscal year 2025. For a small business, even one claim can create real financial strain.

This generation doesn’t wait for a paycheck. They create income on their own terms. Selling products online. Editing videos for clients. Running social media accounts. Picking up freelance work between classes or jobs. It’s flexible. It’s fast. And in a lot of cases, it works. But there’s one part no one really talks about: Most of it isn’t being tracked—or taxed—correctly. And that mistake doesn’t show up right away… it shows up later, all at once. The New Income Reality (That No One Really Explains) For Gen Z, income rarely comes from just one place. It’s usually a mix: A part-time job A few freelance clients Money from a side hustle Payments from apps or platforms Maybe even a little creator income Individually, none of it feels like a big deal. But combined? It absolutely is. Because from a tax perspective, it’s all income—and it all needs to be accounted for. Where Things Start to Go Wrong The problem isn’t effort. It’s that no one really teaches this. So a lot of people assume: “If it’s small, it doesn’t matter” “If I didn’t get a form, I don’t need to report it” “I’ll deal with it when I file” That last one is where most issues start. Because by the time you “deal with it,” the decisions that mattered have already been made. Mistake #1: Not Tracking Income Clearly When money comes in from multiple places, it’s easy to lose track. A few payments here. A deposit there. Something paid through an app that you forget about. But over time, it adds up. And without a clear record: You don’t know what you actually earned You can’t report accurately You’re more likely to miss income At the same time, many platforms are now reporting earnings directly. So if your numbers don’t match what’s reported… That’s when problems start. Mistake #2: Ignoring Estimated Taxes This is where most first-time earners get caught off guard. If you’re making money without taxes being withheld—like freelance work, side gigs, or creator income—you’re expected to pay taxes throughout the year. Not just once at filing. These are called estimated tax payments. And if you skip them, you may end up with: Penalties Interest A much larger bill than expected It’s not obvious—but it’s important. Mistake #3: Misunderstanding Write-Offs Write-offs get talked about a lot online. But they’re often misunderstood. A write-off isn’t: Everything you buy Anything loosely related to your work A way to avoid taxes entirely It has to be both: Ordinary and necessary for what you do. For example: A content creator can deduct editing tools or software A freelancer can deduct business-related subscriptions An online seller can deduct inventory costs But guessing—or copying advice from social media—can lead to mistakes. Mistake #4: Overlooking How Income Is Reported Today The way income is tracked has changed. More transactions are being reported: Payment apps Online platforms Digital marketplaces And in some cases, things like crypto or digital assets can also trigger reporting requirements. In other words: There’s less room for things to go unnoticed. Which makes it even more important to stay organized from the start. Why This Matters Earlier Than You Think Getting this wrong once? Usually fixable. But when it keeps happening, it builds: Back taxes Penalties Stress Missed opportunities to save The good news? Gen Z has an advantage most people don’t: Time to get this right early. The Opportunity: Build Good Habits Now When you understand your income and taxes early, you: Keep more of what you earn Avoid surprises at tax time Make better financial decisions Build confidence as your income grows It doesn’t have to be complicated. But it does have to be intentional. Final Thought Earning money in new ways is a huge opportunity. But without structure, it can also create unnecessary problems. The goal isn’t to overcomplicate things— It’s to get the basics right early, so everything gets easier as you grow. If you (or someone in your family or team) is earning income from multiple sources and is not sure how it all fits together, we're here for you. The earlier you get this right, the easier everything becomes. Request your free quote from Steven Brewer & Company CPAs today!

Hiring feels like growth. More people. More capacity. More momentum. But here’s what most business owners underestimate: The salary is just the starting point. By the time you factor in everything else, that “$70,000 hire” can quietly become a $90,000—or even $100,000—decision. And if you don’t plan for it? Hiring can slow your business down instead of moving it forward. Why Hiring Feels Simpler Than It Actually Is On paper, hiring looks straightforward. You need help. You set a salary. You make the offer. But the real cost doesn’t show up in the offer letter. It shows up in everything that comes after. The True Cost Breakdown (What Most People Miss) Salary is only one piece of the equation. Here’s what actually gets added on: 1. Payroll Taxes Employers are responsible for their share of: Social Security and Medicare Federal and state unemployment taxes That alone can add 7–10%+ on top of base salary. 2. Benefits (Even Basic Ones Add Up) Depending on your setup, this may include: Health insurance contributions Retirement plans Paid time off Even modest benefits packages can significantly increase your total cost per employee. 3. Software, Tools, and Equipment Every new hire needs access to: Software subscriptions Systems and platforms Equipment or workspace Individually small. Collectively meaningful. 4. Management and Training Time This is the most overlooked cost. New hires require: Onboarding Training Ongoing management Which means someone on your team is spending time not doing their core work. That’s a real cost—even if it doesn’t show up on a payroll report. Full-Time vs. Contractor: Not Always an Obvious Choice Hiring full-time isn’t always the best first move. In many cases, a contractor or fractional role can: Reduce upfront costs Eliminate benefit obligations Provide specialized expertise Give you flexibility as you grow This is why more businesses are turning to: Fractional CFOs Outsourced marketing teams Contract-based specialists It’s not about avoiding hiring. It’s about hiring intentionally. When Hiring Actually Hurts Growth It sounds counterintuitive—but hiring too early can create pressure instead of relief. Here’s how it happens: Revenue isn’t consistent yet Cash flow tightens Fixed payroll costs increase You feel pressure to “feed” the hire Instead of freeing you up… It adds stress to every decision. Growth doesn’t just come from adding people. It comes from adding people at the right time. A Smarter Approach to Hiring Decisions Before you make your next hire, ask: Is this role tied directly to revenue or efficiency? Can this function be outsourced first? Do we have consistent cash flow to support this long-term? What is the fully loaded cost—not just the salary? Because clarity here protects you later. What Strong Businesses Do Differently They don’t just hire when they feel busy. They hire when the numbers support it. They: Forecast the full cost Understand the ROI of the role Use flexible resources when needed Scale their team strategically—not reactively That’s what keeps growth sustainable. Final Thought Hiring is one of the biggest investments you’ll make in your business. Done right, it accelerates growth. Done too early—or without a full picture—it can slow everything down. The difference isn’t instinct. It’s clarity. Before your next hire, run the numbers—not just the salary. Contact Steven Brewer & Company CPAs today to evaluate the true cost of hiring, explore smarter staffing options, and make confident decisions that support long-term growth.

June 2026 Individual Due Dates June 1 - Final Due Date for IRA Trustees to Issue Form 5498 Final due date for IRA trustees to issue Form 5498, providing IRA owners with the fair market value (FMV) of their IRA accounts as of December 31, 2025. The FMV of an IRA on the last day of the prior year (Dec. 31, 2025) is used to determine the required minimum distribution (RMD) that must be taken from the IRA if you are age 73 or older during 2026. June 10 - Report Tips to Employer If you are an employee who works for tips and received more than $20 in tips during May, you are required to report them to your employer no later than June 10. You can use IRS Form 4070 or your own statement that includes your signature; name, address and Social Security number; employer's name (or establishment's name if different) and address; month or period the report covers, and total of tips received during that month or period. Your employer is required to withhold FICA taxes and income tax withholding for these tips from your regular wages. If your regular wages are insufficient to cover the FICA and tax withholding, the employer will report the amount of the uncollected withholding in box 8 of your W-2 for the year. You will be required to pay the uncollected withholding when your return for the year is filed. June 15 - Estimated Tax Payment Due This is the last day to timely make your second quarter estimated tax installment payment for the 2026 tax year. Our tax system is a "pay-as-you-earn" system. To facilitate that concept, the government has provided several means of assisting taxpayers in meeting the "pay-as-you-earn" requirement. These include: Payroll withholding for employees; Pension withholding for retirees; and Estimated tax payments for self-employed individuals and those with other sources of income not covered by withholding. When a taxpayer fails to prepay a safe harbor (minimum) amount, they can be subject to the underpayment penalty. This penalty is equal to the federal short-term rate plus 3 percentage points, and the penalty is computed on a quarter-by-quarter basis. Federal tax law does provide ways to avoid the underpayment penalty. If the underpayment is less than $1,000 (the "de minimis amount"), no penalty is assessed. In addition, the law provides "safe harbor" prepayments. There are two safe harbors: The first safe harbor is based on the tax owed in the current year. If your payments equal or exceed 90% of what is owed in the current year, you can escape a penalty. The second safe harbor is based on the tax owed in the immediately preceding tax year. This safe harbor is generally 100% of the prior year's tax liability. However, for taxpayers whose AGI exceeds $150,000 ($75,000 for married taxpayers filing separately), the prior year's safe harbor is 110%. Example: Suppose your tax for the year is $10,000 and your prepayments total $5,600. The result is that you owe an additional $4,400 on your tax return. To find out if you owe a penalty, see if you meet the first safe harbor exception. Since 90% of $10,000 is $9,000, your prepayments fell short of the mark. You can't avoid the penalty under this exception. However, in the above example, the safe harbor may still apply. Assume your prior year's tax was $5,000. Since you prepaid $5,600, which is greater than 110% of the prior year's tax (110% = $5,500), you qualify for this safe harbor and can escape the penalty. This example underscores the importance of making sure your prepayments are adequate, especially if you have a large increase in income. This is common when there is a large gain from the sale of stocks, sale of property, when large bonuses are paid, when a taxpayer retires, etc. Timely payment of each required estimated tax installment is also a requirement to meet the safe harbor exception to the penalty. If you have questions regarding your safe harbor estimates, please call this office as soon as possible. CAUTION: Some state de minimis amounts, safe harbor estimates rules, and the dates estimate payments are due are different than those for the Federal estimates. Please call this office for particular state safe harbor rules. June 15 - Taxpayers Living Abroad If you are a U.S. citizen or resident alien living and working (or on military duty) outside the United States and Puerto Rico, June 15 is the filing due date for your 2025income tax return and to pay any tax due. Those impacted by the terrorist attacks in Israel throughout 2024 and 2025 have until September 30, 2026, to file and pay taxes that are otherwise due on or after September 30, 2025, and before September 30, 2026. The Sept. 30, 2026 extension also applies to time-sensitive tax acts that were previously postponed by IRS. If your return has not been completed and you need additional time to file your return, file Form 4868 to obtain 4 additional months to file. Then, file Form 1040 or 1040-SR by October 15. However, if you are a participant in a combat zone, you may be able to further extend the filing deadline (see below). Caution: This is not an extension of time to pay your tax liability, only an extension to file the return. If you expect to owe, estimate how much, and include your payment with the extension. If you owe taxes when you do file your extended tax return, you will be liable for both the late payment penalty and interest from the due date. Combat Zone - For military taxpayers in a combat zone/qualified hazardous duty area, the deadlines for taking actions with the IRS are extended. This also applies to service members involved in contingency operations, such as Operation Iraqi Freedom or Enduring Freedom. The extension is for 180 consecutive days after the later of: The last day a military taxpayer was in a combat zone/qualified hazardous duty area or served in a qualifying contingency operation, or has qualifying service outside of the combat zone/qualified hazardous duty area (or the last day the area qualifies as a combat zone or qualified hazardous duty area), or The last day of any continuous qualified hospitalization for injury from service in the combat zone/qualified hazardous duty area or contingency operation, or while performing qualifying service outside of the combat zone/qualified hazardous duty area. In addition to the 180 days, the deadline is also extended by the number of days that were left for the individual to take an action with the IRS when they entered a combat zone/qualified hazardous duty area or began serving in a contingency operation. It is not a good idea to delay filing your return because you owe taxes. The late filing penalty is 5% per month (maximum 25%) and can be a substantial penalty. It is generally better practice to file the return without payment and avoid the late filing penalty. We can also establish an installment agreement, which allows you to pay your taxes over a period of up to 72 months. Please contact this office for assistance with an extension request or an installment agreement. Weekends & Holidays: If a due date falls on a Saturday, Sunday or legal holiday, the due date is automatically extended until the next business day that is not itself a legal holiday. Disaster Area Extensions: Please note that when a geographical area is designated as a disaster area, due dates will be extended. For more information whether an area has been designated a disaster area and the filing extension dates visit the following websites: FEMA: https://www.fema.gov/disaster/declarations IRS: https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/tax-relief-in-disaster-situations June 2026 Business Due Dates June 15 - Employer's Monthly Deposit Due If you are an employer and the monthly deposit rules apply, June 15 is the due date for you to make your deposit of Social Security, Medicare, and withheld income tax for May 2026. This is also the due date for the nonpayroll withholding deposit for May 2026 if the monthly deposit rule applies. June 15 - Corporations Deposit the second installment of estimated income tax for 2026 for calendar year corporations. Weekends & Holidays: If a due date falls on a Saturday, Sunday or legal holiday, the due date is automatically extended until the next business day that is not itself a legal holiday. Disaster Area Extensions: Please note that when a geographical area is designated as a disaster area, due dates will be extended. For more information whether an area has been designated a disaster area and the filing extension dates visit the following websites: FEMA: https://www.fema.gov/disaster/declarations IRS: https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/tax-relief-in-disaster-situations Are you looking for a CPA? Steven Brewer & Company is here for you! Request a quote with us today!